What is the primary purpose of a soil pit in soil judging?

The primary purpose of a soil pit in soil judging is to examine and describe soil horizons and properties. Soil pits provide a direct view of the various layers of soil, known as horizons, which are critical for understanding the soil's formation, composition, and behavior. By digging a pit, soil judges can assess characteristics such as texture, color, structure, moisture, organic matter content, and any distinct horizons present. This detailed examination is essential in classifying the soil type and understanding its potential uses and limitations, including agricultural productivity, environmental impact, and management practices.

While other considerations like pH, moisture content, and nutrient levels are important in soil analysis, they generally derive from the broader understanding gained through the detailed examination of the soil horizons. The characteristics observed in a soil pit help inform decisions about these factors but are not their primary focus. Therefore, the soil pit serves as a crucial tool for gaining insight into the physical and chemical properties of the soil directly from the ground.