Inceptisols typically show evidence of which soil horizons?

Inceptisols are characterized primarily by the presence of a cambic horizon, which indicates a degree of soil development that includes some physical and chemical weathering processes, but does not yet exhibit the extensive horizon development found in more mature soils like Alfisols or Ultisols. The cambic horizon in Inceptisols tends to show some evidence of altered clay, structure, and color compared to the parent material, reflecting the initial stages of soil formation.

While the mollic and umbric horizons mentioned in the correct answer can be recognized in some soils, they are not definitive characteristics of Inceptisols. Instead, they often appear in Mollisols.

In contrast, the other options include horizons that are not typically found in Inceptisols. For instance, the argillic horizon is associated with certain more developed soils and not commonly found in Inceptisols. Similarly, the terms "histic" and "illuvial" horizons describe conditions found in specific types of soils or with specific processes, which don't accurately represent Inceptisol characteristics.

Thus, the focus on the cambic horizon is what makes the correct choice appropriate, signifying the formative nature of Inceptisols while distinguishing them from other soil orders with