Common lithological arrangements in soils include:

The correct choice highlights common lithological arrangements that are often observed in soil profiles. Specifically, "outwash over till/till over outwash" represents a typical geological scenario where different depositional processes result in distinct layers within a soil profile.

Outwash refers to sediments that have been transported and deposited by meltwater from glaciers, usually characterized by well-sorted, coarse materials. Till, on the other hand, is unsorted and unstratified sediment directly deposited by glacier ice. The arrangement of these materials reflects the processes of glacial advance and retreat, often leading to complex layering where outwash deposits can sit atop or be interlayered with till deposits. This arrangement is significant in understanding soil development, hydrology, and the availability of nutrients within these layers.

Recognizing such arrangements is fundamental in soil judging, as it influences the physical and chemical properties of the soil, including drainage capabilities, fertility, and overall land use potential. In comparison, while other combinations may occur in various contexts, they do not represent as broadly recognized or common a lithological arrangement as outwash over till or till over outwash.